Ann Intern Med 117 (1992): 487-5017. Arch Dermatol 127 (1991): 1068-918. J Antimicrob Chemother 58 (2006): 637-4425. Hammer SM, Saag MS, Schechter M, et al. Geletko SM, Segarra M, Mikolich DJ "Alopecia associated with zidovudine therapy." Intracellularly, Zidovudine is phosphorylated to its active 5'-triphosphate metabolite, Zidovudine triphosphate (ZDV-TP). Ann Neurol 29 (1991): 606-1448. See Table 2 for dosing recommendations.Significant anemia (hemoglobin less than 7.5 g per dL or reduction greater than 25% of baseline) and/or significant neutropenia (granulocyte count less than 750 cells per mmIn patients maintained on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis or with creatinine clearance (CrCl) by Cockcroft-Gault less than 15 mL per min, the recommended oral dosage is 100 mg every 6 to 8 hours. See below for a comprehensive list of adverse effects. In general, higher levels of resistance were associated with greater number of substitutions. AIDS 20 (2006): 1082-323. Ann Intern Med 110 (1989): 85-640. WARNING: RISK OF HEMATOLOGICAL TOXICITY, MYOPATHY, LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSISZidovudine capsules have been associated with hematologic toxicity including neutropenia and severe anemia, particularly in patients with advanced HIV-1 disease Zidovudine has been associated with symptomatic myopathy Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogues alone or in combination, including Zidovudine and other antiretrovirals. Simpson DM, Citak KA, Godfrey E, Godbold J, Wolfe DE "Myopathies associated with human immunodeficiency virus and zidovudine: can their effects be distinguished?" "Drugs for HIV infection." Martinez E, Mocroft A, GarciaViejo MA, PerezCuevas JB, Blanco JL, Mallolas J, Bianchi L, Conget I, Blanch J, Phillips A, Gatell "Risk of lipodystrophy in HIV-1-infected patients treated with protease inhibitors: a prospective cohort study." Scadden DT, Bering HA, Levine JD, et al "Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mitigates the neutropenia of combined interferon alfa and zidovudine treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated Kaposi's sarcoma." The molecular formula is CZidovudine is a synthetic nucleoside analogue. Fischl MA, Richman DD, Hansen N, et al "The safety and efficacy of zidovudine (AZT) in the treatment of subjects with mildly symptomatic human immunodefienciency virus type 1 (HIV) infection."
Shriner K, Goetz MB "Severe hepatoxicity in a patient receiving both acetaminophen and zidovudine." Barnett JH, Gilson I "Zidovudine-related thrombocytopenia simulating rapid growth of Kaposi's sarcoma." Pathology 24 (1992): 109-1138. Sahai J, Conway B, Cameron D, Garber G "Zidovudine-associated hypertrichosis and nail pigmentation in an HIV-infected patient." Shintaku M, Nasu K, Shimizu T "Fulminant hepatic failure in an AIDS patient: possible zidovudine- induced hepatotoxicity." Discoloration has occurred as longitudinal streaks or transverse bands.A case of macular edema in a patient with a history of anterior Local reaction, pain, and slight irritation were reported infrequently during IV administration.1. Zidovudine, also known as AZT or azidothymidine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidine 2', 3'-dideoxyribonucleosides. Anders KH, Abele DC "Development of nail pigmentation during zidovudine therapy." This fat loss, which is most evident in the face, limbs, and buttocks, may be only partially reversible and improvement may take months The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.In addition to the adverse reactions listed in Table 3, adverse reactions observed at an incidence of greater than or equal to 5% in any treatment arm in clinical trials (NUCA3001, NUCA3002, NUCB3001, and NUCB3002) were abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, arthralgia, chills, dyspepsia, fatigue, insomnia, musculoskeletal pain, myalgia, and neuropathy. Muscle biopsy has shown atrophic and sometimes necrotic fibers, ragged-red fibers, and large accumulations of mitochondrial and fibrillar sarcoplasmic inclusions.Myopathy and myositis with pathological changes, similar to that produced by HIV-1 disease, have been associated with prolonged use of this drug.Bluish or brownish-black discoloration of nails has developed during the first month or 2 of therapy and usually disappeared within 2 months if the drug was discontinued.
Woolley I, Tapley N, Korman TM "Sequential cutaneous drug reactions to protease inhibitors in the context of occupational post-exposure prophylaxis." Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information." Ann Intern Med 116 (1992): 311-366. Mechanism Of Action. Am J Gastroenterol 88 (1993): 464-639. Ann Intern Med 114 (1991): 297-832.
Neurology 43 (1993): 971-650. AIDS 12 (1998): 1735-445. Murphy D, Lynch M, Mulcahy F "Zidovudine related arthropathy."