When transferring a patient from a single anti-glaucoma agent other than a topical beta-blocking agent, continue the agent and add one drop of Timolol eye drops 0.25% in each affected eye twice a day. coronary heart disease, Prinzmetal's angina and cardiac failure) and hypotension therapy with beta-blockers should be critically assessed and the therapy with other active substances should be considered. • Second and third degree atrioventricular block not controlled with pace-maker 2007 Jun;91(6):757-60. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2006.106690. To reduce the systemic absorption, see section 4.2. Fixed combination latanoprost 0.005% and timolol maleate 0.5%.
doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(97)30348-0. However, if benefit outweighs the risk, it is recommended to use the lowest active agent concentration available once daily. The increased occurrence of mammary adenocarcinoma was associated with elevations in serum prolactin which occurred in female mice administered timolol at 500 mg/kg/day, but not at doses of 5 or 50 mg/kg/day. There has been wide experience with the use of timolol maleate in elderly patients. No adverse ocular effects were observed in rabbits and dogs administered Timolol topically in studies lasting one and two years, respectively.
When another topical beta-blocking agent is being used, discontinue its use after a full day of therapy and start treatment with Timolol eye drops 0.25% the next day with one drop in each affected eye twice a day.
If needed, Timolol may be used with other agent(s) for lowering intra-ocular pressure. In patients with cardiovascular diseases (e.g. The dosage may be increased to one drop of 0.5% solution in each affected eye twice a day, if the response is not adequate. Timolol is a beta-adrenoceptor blocking agent used topically in the reduction of elevated intra-ocular pressure in various conditions including following: - Patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma including aphakic patients Recommended therapy is one drop 0.25% solution in the affected eye twice a day. Drugs Aging. In the assays with tester strain TA100, no consistent dose-response relationship was observed, nor did the ratio of test to control revertants reach 2.
If applied twice daily, an interval of 12 hours should be preferred.Furthermore the patients, especially neonates, should be closely observed after the first dose for one to two hours in the office and closely monitored for ocular and systemic side effects. Intravenous calcium channel blockers should be used with caution in patients receiving beta-adrenergic blocking agents.The concomitant use of beta-adrenergic blocking agents and digitalis with either diltiazem or verapamil may have additive effects in prolonging AV conduction time.There are no adequate data for the use of timolol maleate in pregnant women. 1997 May;10(5):384-403. doi: 10.2165/00002512-199710050-00006.Ophthalmology. When Timolol eye drops are used to reduce elevated intra-ocular pressure in angle-closure glaucoma it should be used with a miotic and not alone. Furthermore, in adult human female subjects who received oral dosages of up to 60 mg of timolol maleate, the maximum recommended human oral dosage, there were no clinically meaningful changes in serum prolactin.Timolol maleate was devoid of mutagenic potential when evaluated in vivo (mouse) in the micronucleus test and cytogenetic assay (doses up to 800 mg/kg) and in vitro in a neoplastic cell transformation assay (up to 100 mcg/ml). Incidence of systemic ADRs after topical ophthalmic administration is lower than for systemic administration. Timolol maleate combines reversibly with the beta-adrenergic receptor, and this inhibits the usual biologic response that would occur with stimulation of that receptor. Epidemiological studies have not revealed malformative effects but show a risk for intra uterine growth retardation when beta-blockers are administered by the oral route.
The reported incidence is small and in most cases the symptoms have cleared when treatment was withdrawn. Timolol is a beta-blocker that also reduces pressure inside the eye. Clinicians should strongly evaluate the risks and benefits when considering medical therapy with Timolol in paediatric patients.
This may cause similar undesirable effects as seen with systemic beta-blocking agents. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Name must be less than 100 characters